What is a requirement for a pilot before carrying passengers?

To carry passengers, a pilot must have completed a flight review and performed three takeoffs and landings within the last 90 days. This requirement ensures that the pilot is not only up to date with their flying skills but also familiar with the specific maneuvers involved in takeoffs and landings, which are critical for safe operations, especially with passengers on board. These activities help to demonstrate the pilot's competency in handling the aircraft in routine conditions, as well as during potentially challenging situations.

The other requirements listed do not specifically address the necessary proficiency and recent experience needed to carry passengers safely. For instance, while a solo flight may be a significant achievement, it does not directly contribute to the necessary experience for passenger flights. Similarly, accumulating a specific number of flight hours within a month or holding a second-class medical certificate are important; however, they do not replace the requirement of demonstrating recent flight experience and competence through a flight review and takeoffs and landings.